Reference books of textile technologies man made fibers. Hackling is the preparation of the flax fibres before the spinning process where the scutched flax is hackled or refined using the variable density of hackling pins. During the process of spinning, twisted yarn is wound over the spindle cop. Cotton spinning machinery refers to machines which process or spin prepared cotton roving into workable yarn or thread. Different parts and function of ring frame machine textile. Smith faculty of agriculture, food and environment, and the center for nanoscience and nanotechnology, the hebrew university of jerusalem, p. Ring spinning frame an overview sciencedirect topics. In ring spinning, the roving is first attenuated by using drawing rollers, then spun and wound. And today i will take you a little bit farther process with raw cotton.
For winding to occur, ring rail is moving up and down to wind the yarn. Spinning ring spinning frame roving ringspun yarn spinning cops postspinning. Wet spinning and drawing of human recombinant collagen. Ring roving bobbins are placed on the spinning machines. Comparison of conventional ring, mechanical compact and. There are two classes of spinning process have been developed by people, hand spinning and machine spinning. This step is exclusively for drafting twisting and packing the yarn in the shape of bobbin.
Ring spinning is a method of spinning fibers such as cotton. It is the very first time that we are starting the cotton line in our factory. There are different types of spinning, the most commonly forms of spinning are. Yarn wound during the slow upward movement of ring rail is called winding coil, whereas yarn wound during downward movement is called binding coil. Root cause analysis rca identified use of manual doffing, lack of time. If we notice, we will see that the cotton fiber s are converted into carded yarn, combed yarn and rotor yarn. Ring frame converts the roving bobbin into the yarn. Pdf production planning in cotton spinning mills teferi b. Such cotton may be difficult to process and is likely to produce lowquality yarn.
Being brought up watching my mom hand knitting different kinds of yarns, i always used to be fascinated by the yarns. A carded cotton ring spun yarn begins with a bale laydown. Ring spinning, the widely used yarn formation technique. Spinning is the process of conversion of textile fibers and filaments into yarns for weaving or knitting into fabrics. It can be used for various processes during spinning.
Ring spinning when looking at a fabric we usually ignore the fact that its made up of very thin yarns arranged in different ways. Cotton yarn manufacturing process textile study point. Other spinning systems have also eliminated the need for. This process imparts a slight twist to the stand of fibres and winds on to the rotating spindle. Jul 11, 2018 ring spinning technology provides the widest range in terms of the yarn counts it can produce. When using most other dyes, if the ring dyeing effect occurs, it would be considered a dyeing defect. This produces an intense ring of color around a white core in the cotton yarn and the cotton fiber thus the name ring dyeing. A speed frame speed frame lf4200 series the technological requirements of speed frame are attenuation of the sliver twisting of the drafted strand winding the twisted roving on a bobbin speed frame lf4200 series is incorporated with stateoftheart technology ensuring higher production level. In textile industry, the size of yarns is determined by unit of tex, count, worsted, woolen, and denier.
Ring spinning is a continuous process, unlike mule spinning which uses an intermittent action. Ring spinning is a comparatively expensive process because of its slower production speeds and the additional processes roving and winding required for producing ring spun yarns. Pdf effect of spindle speed of ring frame on yarn quality. Plied cotton yarns were manufactured using the cotton carded system on ring spinning frames in five variants of yarn linear density, i. First thing in spinning process is converting highly compressed cotton in bales into the form of thoroughly loosened, opened. During ring spinning, fibres are twisted around each other to produce a strong yarn. Tencel fiber with good structure and good physical mechanical prop. The yarn issuing from the drafting rollers passes through. The roving was prepared by passing the fibres through the.
The production process in spinning starts from blow room operations in which impurities of cotton are cleaned. Cotton with a low uniformity index is likely to have a high percentage of short fibers. Ring spinning frames continue to play a role in this country, but openend spinning, with rotors that can spin five to six times as fast as a ring spinning machine, are becoming more widespread. Ring spinning is the oldest type of fiber spinning still in use. The staple fiber such as cotton and wool has to go through a series of processes until reaching the finished product or the yarn package.
Blow room, carding and draw frame machine operator textiles. The presence of trash has a negative effect on spinning performance. There are various types of spinning methods for producing various types of yarn. When using most other dyes, if the ringdyeing effect occurs, it would be considered a dyeing defect. The fiber has been engineered specifically for ring spinning. Mechanical compact spinning, conventional ring spinning, carded cotton, combed cotton, yarn physical properties, fabric physical properties. Cotton to yarn process yarn manufacturing process how. S uitable hardness roller the same species yarn w ith the same model. The fabrics were finished by the basic processes used for cotton, i. Spinning trials indicate that decreases in fiber fineness or increases in micronaire can limit count range and spinning performance in the same way as it might on ring spinning. The present study was aimed at studying the nature of hairiness of a ringspun cotton yarn of 30s ne. Ring spinning technology provides the widest range in terms of the yarn counts it can produce.
In this article, we are going to know about the various processes which lead to the formation of worsted spun yarns. Different parts and function of ring frame machine. The roving is feed into ring frame for yarn production. Spinning is the process of converting cotton or manmade fibre into yarn then to fabrics, bleaching is done on fabrics to produce textiles and finally clothes are manufactured. Digital printing of textiles pdf woodhead publishing series in textiles by h. Analysis showed that, yarns produced with the pneumatic compact spinning system had the highest strength and the lowest hairiness. The ring frame developed from the throstle frame, which in its turn was a descendant of arkwrights water frame. Using a conventional ring spinning process, core yarns were prepared on a ring frame by passing polyester filament yarn through the front roller nip of a ring frame 10,11 and roving through the drafting zone of the ring frame as shown in fig. Textile spinning process of cotton yarn textile learner.
From raw cotton to cotton fabrics the fabric usually used in the clothes we wear is produced through two processes. Introduction to spinning process online clothing study. The process takes a fiber mass roving, reduces the mass through fiber drafting, inserts twist for strength, and winds the yarn onto a bobbin. Lakshmi machine works limited offers the following product in ring spinning system. Mar 23, 2017 and today i will take you a little bit farther process with raw cotton. Spinning class cotton process line trutzschler machinery. Short staple medium staple long staple extra long staple 1 in. Mar 12, 2018 the commonly used, timetested spinning technique, ring spinning is one of oldest machine oriented spinning techniques used for staple fiber spinning. The purpose of a genuine compact spinning process is to arrange the fibers in a completely parallel and close position before. If it is desired, the fiber may also be combed which would be in addition to the carding. A specially constructed rig was used to simulate the ring spinning process.
The action or process for the conversion of fibres into yarn. At many stages of spinning process waste is removed to clear the cotton or to separate the short fibres but at the stage of ring spinning there is no need to remove waste. Compact spinning system for fine count egyptian cotton yarns. Doubling is a textile industry term synonymous with combining. Even today, ring spinning makes the widest range of yarn counts with the highest strength. Fundamental principles of ring spinning of yarns request pdf. Before industrial revolution occurs, hand spinning method is widely used by people for making yarns. Pdf compact spinning system for fine count egyptian cotton.
During the 18th and 19th centuries, as part of the industrial revolution cotton spinning machinery was developed to bring mass production to the cotton industry. Cotton to yarn process yarn manufacturing process or yarn textile is the first steps of textile product processing. Effect of postspinning operations on the hairiness of ringspun. It is also related to shortfiber content content of fibers shorter than 12 inch. Ring spinning is a method of spinning fibres, such as cotton, flax or wool, to make a yarn. Spinning process tencel fiber can be spinned in cotton spinning system, wool processing system and many other systems, and the technological process of spinning is short. These steps of processing are carried out in the blow room of a spinning mill. During the 18th and 19th centuries, as part of the industrial revolution cottonspinning machinery was developed to bring mass production to the cotton industry. How to control of waste in spinning mill textile course. In this paper, we report our recent experimental and theoretical research on air drag, yarn tension and energy consumption in ring spinning. May 24, 2017 cotton to yarn process yarn manufacturing process or yarn textile is the first steps of textile product processing. Trash content cotton should be clean and absent of seed coat fragments.
Spinning ring spinning frame roving ring spun yarn spinning cops post spinning. Jul 02, 2016 44 process control and yarn quality in spinning such control is economically important because cotton cost and related mill qualities, as well as processing efficiencies and associated costs, can be positively affected when cotton is acquired and used with the benefit of hvi data. Ring spinning is one of the most common spinning methods in the world. Box 12, jerusalem, israel institute of chemistry and the center for nanoscience and. During the carding stage, several sources of roving are doubled together and drawn, to remove variations in thickness. It removes short fibers, neps, and any remaining small trash particles while parallelizing the fibers. From raw cotton to cotton fabrics toyota industries. The ginned cotton purchased from the traders is brought in the form of bales of 165 kgs to 175 kgs and stored in godowns. Ring spinning is a system of spinning that uses a ring spinning frame that drafts rovings fibres prepared into loose strands ready for spinning where the fibres have been laid parallel to some extent, twists the yarn, and winds it on the bobbin continuously and simultaneously in one operation. Ring spinning is a comparatively expensive process because of its slower production speeds and the additional processes roving and.
Airjet spinning of cotton yarns cotton incorporated. In case of manual feeding ensure the correct colour coded mixing is available. Cottonspinning machinery refers to machines which process or spin prepared cotton roving into workable yarn or thread. Quality parameters analysis of ring spun yarns made from different blends of bamboo and cotton fibres 2 of paper for centuries. If noticeable problems occurred at any step of the process, the cotton was mixed with 50% nonsticky cotton and the process was repeated. However, ring spinning frames are still competitive in relation to rotor spinning machines, and. These vegetable fibres can come from the seed cotton, the stem known as bast fibres. Depending on the fineness of the fibre, yarn can be spun from the hackled sliver in a wet spinning process between 8 nm and 100 nm.
The commonly used, timetested spinning technique, ring spinning is one of oldest machine oriented spinning techniques used for staple fiber spinning. The roving bobbin taken from roving process is mounted on the ring frame either automatically or manually. In openend spinning, yarn is produced directly from sliver. Pdf in this article, ring staple single yarn spinning method development. From raw cotton to yarn processing, lot of machineries are involved. Ringspinning processing technical bulletin 341104 introduction the sections that follow relate to the processing of 1. Ring spinning is one of a number of methods for assembling and twisting fibres to form a yarn. Analysis on the spinning process and properties of tencel yarn. Process control and yarn quality in spinning woodhead. This process channel does not include mixing process which is done manually and the packing of cones of readymade yarn. Spinning is the twisting together of drawn out strands of fibers to form yarn, though it is colloquially used to describe the process of drawing out, inserting the twist, and winding onto bobbins.
Tencel fiber can be spinned in cotton spinning system, wool processing system and many other systems, and the. Here we will explain each process in detail using some illustrations. The slightly twisted stand of fibres at this stage is called roving which is about six to eight times the length and the diameter of the sliver. Now, through a modern manufacturing process, bamboo pulp is capable of producing bamboo fibre for use in yarn and fabric. Improvement of ring frame spindle utilization in cotton short. The process of making yarns from the textile fiber is called spinning.
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